{"id":58489,"date":"2019-02-20T10:17:34","date_gmt":"2019-02-20T15:17:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/?p=58489"},"modified":"2019-02-22T16:29:08","modified_gmt":"2019-02-22T21:29:08","slug":"opinion-torontos-yonge-dundas-square-building-installs-classical-music-to-deter-loitering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/2019\/02\/20\/opinion-torontos-yonge-dundas-square-building-installs-classical-music-to-deter-loitering\/","title":{"rendered":"OPINION | Toronto&#8217;s 10 Dundas East Building Installs Classical Music To Deter Loitering"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_58823\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-58823\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-58823\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/02\/Ludwig-Van-Classic-Music-To-Deter-Loitering.jpg\" alt=\"10 Dundas East\" width=\"1024\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/02\/Ludwig-Van-Classic-Music-To-Deter-Loitering.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/02\/Ludwig-Van-Classic-Music-To-Deter-Loitering-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/02\/Ludwig-Van-Classic-Music-To-Deter-Loitering-768x401.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-58823\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">10 Dundas East near Yonge-Dundas Square plays classical music outside of Cineplex theatre to deter loitering.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The idea of weaponizing classical music as a deterrent against loitering and crime is nothing new.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/transit.toronto.on.ca\/archives\/data\/199803230043.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Toronto&#8217;s subway stations<\/a> have long used the music of Beethoven, Mozart, and Bach as a\u00a0deterrent to those who would find classical music incompatible with their musical tastes. The same can be said for a 7-eleven in Edmonton, which last\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edmonton.ctvnews.ca\/7-eleven-blasts-music-to-discourage-panhandling-1.3936438\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">May 2018<\/a>\u00a0started piping classical music through a special outdoor sound system aimed at deterring\u00a0panhandlers from loitering.<\/p>\n<p>The latest use of classical music to discourage delinquency comes from 10 Dundas East located across from Yonge-Dundas Square. First reported by\u00a0Ryerson University\u2019s student newspaper The Ryersonian, sound speakers have been\u00a0installed near the entrance outside the Cineplex theatre to play an endless stream of classical music.<\/p>\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gLKxVzvq980?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;They had mentioned they had a bit of a problem with people loitering or hanging out,&#8221; said Kevin Whyte from Musicworks,\u00a0the company hired by the building owner Entertainment Properties Trust to provide the deterrent. &#8220;&#8230;They just wanted some type\u00a0of deterrent\u00a0that wouldn&#8217;t be favourable to people hanging out, which could lead to crime or whatever.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In the video report from\u00a0The Ryersonian, Peter Johnston, a sessional instructor at Ryerson with a Ph.D. in ethnomusicology, is quoted as saying:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2026Classical music is kind of an elite kind of taste, there\u2019s not that many people who hear it who think, &#8216;I belong here, this is for me, these are my people.&#8217;\u201d<\/p>\n<p>While classical music may not be as popular\u00a0as genres like rock and hip-hop,\u00a0research shows classical music is still one of the most universally enjoyed music genres.<\/p>\n<p>According to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304422X15000601\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study<\/a> by the University of Notre Dame, classical music is disliked by only 15 percent of the population, leaving 85 percent who expressed that they enjoy it. The same can&#8217;t\u00a0be said for genres like\u00a0Country, Folk, and Religious music which are more likely to be disliked by the general population.<\/p>\n<p>While one may argue that the 15 percent who don&#8217;t like classical music may be the same group with a proclivity to loiter, the evidence is not yet clear.<\/p>\n<p>One study done in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/01639625.1990.9967860#preview\" rel=\"noopener\">Ohio<\/a> found there was no conclusive correlation between musical preference and delinquency. Another study published in the journal\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/pediatrics.aappublications.org\/content\/early\/2013\/01\/02\/peds.2012-0708.full.pdf+html?sid=01fb5c79-7cad-4097-b5c8-6fbec84594aa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pediatrics<\/a>, <\/em>found that there was a slight correlation. It also noted teenagers who preferred jazz or classical music showed declining delinquent tendencies as they grew older.<\/p>\n<p>According to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/arts-entertainment\/music\/features\/mind-the-bach-classical-music-on-the-underground-800483.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Independent,<\/a>\u00a0the results of playing classical music in the\u00a0high crime London Elm Park tube station in 2003, resulted in a 33 percent decline in robberies, and a 37 percent cut in vandalism.\u00a0But like the studies involving music genre and delinquency, not all cities have seen the same results. Police in West Palm Beach, Florida, decided to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.digitaljournal.com\/article\/319666\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">abandon the program<\/a> designed to deter loiterers, vandalism and disorderly conduct after they the speakers were repeatedly destroyed.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.seattletimes.com\/entertainment\/businesses-using-music-to-deter-crime-and-loitering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seattle Times<\/a> reported that classical music\u00a0might deter crime due to the effect it has on dopamine production in the brain. &#8220;When people hear music they like, it stimulates dopamine production and puts them in a better mood. But when people dislike the music, their brains respond by suppressing dopamine production \u2014 souring their mood and making them avoid the music.&#8221; Either way, both phycological effects lead to the desired effect. If you enjoy the music, you&#8217;re less likely to commit a crime, and if you don&#8217;t enjoy it, you&#8217;ll be less inclined to hang around.<\/p>\n<p>The idea behind the area is to provide a place for people to congregate, which seems at odds with installing classical music as a type of defensive urban design. From the perspective of a classical music aficionado, it might see it as an insult to the genre, or a chance for the music to be introduced to people who might not otherwise have an opportunity to be exposed to it.\u00a0But if the studies are anything to go by, and judging by the people featured in the video, the answer is far from clear.<\/p>\n<p><em>[Update: Feb. 22, 2019. A previous version suggested that the building was part of\u00a0Yonge and Dundas Square, which is not correct. 10 Dundas East is located across the street from the square.]<\/em><\/p>\n<h3><b><i>LUDWIG VAN TORONTO<\/i><br \/>\n<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><i>Want more updates on Toronto-centric classical music news and reviews? Follow us on\u00a0<\/i><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LudwigVanToronto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><i>Facebook<\/i><\/u><\/a><\/strong><\/span><i>\u00a0or\u00a0<\/i><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LudwigVanTO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><i>Twitter<\/i><\/u><\/a><\/strong><\/span><i>\u00a0for all the latest.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The idea of weaponizing classical music as a deterrent against loitering and crime may be a painful one for music aficionados, but does it work? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":58823,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[25164,14,9474,31,36,63],"tags":[805,26925],"yst_prominent_words":[11936,26533,26531,26914,6767,6715,26888,26901,26922,26538,26919,26918,26534,13053,16469,26537,8798,8214,12762,26897],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/02\/Ludwig-Van-Classic-Music-To-Deter-Loitering.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9bakr-fdn","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58489"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58489"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58895,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58489\/revisions\/58895"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58489"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ludwig-van.com\/toronto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=58489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}